Green peas are a vegetable crop consumed worldwide and are considered one of the most nutritious and tasty vegetables. This vegetable is a rich source of vitamins, fibre, minerals, and antioxidants and is often used in various dishes. India is one of the biggest producers of green peas, and it is widely cultivated in multiple states of India. Farmers in India commonly use the Mahindra 245 tractor model for various agricultural activities, including green peas cultivation.
Steps involved in Green Peas Cultivation
Green peas are grown in the rabi and kharif seasons and require relatively moderate temperatures ranging from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius. Other than this, there are several points that should be taken care of while cultivating Green Peas. In this guide, we will look at the different steps involved in green peas cultivation in India.
Step 1: Land preparation
Land preparation is one of the crucial steps in green peas cultivation in India. The first step in land preparation is to select the land. The ideal soil for green peas is sandy loam or clay loam, rich in organic matter. The soil should be ploughed and levelled to a fine tilth before planting. This process helps break down the soil, removing any stones or debris, and making it easier for the roots to penetrate the soil. Lime should be added to neutralize the pH if the soil is acidic.
Step 2: Seed selection and sowing
Seed selection is a critical step in green peas cultivation. High-quality seeds are essential for a successful crop. The seeds should be tested for germination rate and treated with a fungicide before sowing to protect them from fungal diseases. The seeds should be sown at 2-3 cm depth and have a 10-15 cm spacing between rows. The best time to plant green peas is during the winter season in the northern parts of India and the monsoon season in the southern parts of India.
Step 3: Irrigation and fertilization
Irrigation and fertilization are essential for the growth and development of green peas. Green peas require regular watering, especially during flowering and pod development. The frequency of irrigation depends on the soil type and weather conditions. Overwatering should be avoided as it can lead to the development of fungal diseases. Green peas also require adequate nutrients to grow healthy and strong. Nitrogen, phosphorus, & potassium are the essential nutrients the crop needs. In addition, organic manure or chemical fertilizers can provide nutrients to the soil.
Step 4: Trellising
Green peas are climbing plants and require support to grow. Therefore, trellising is an essential step in green peas cultivation. The plants should be trained to climb the trellis using strings or wires. Trellising helps the plants grow better and makes it easier to harvest the pods. The height of the trellis should be at least 1.5 meters, and the spacing between rows should be 30-45 cm.
Step 5: Pest and Disease control
Pest and disease control is crucial in green peas cultivation. Common pests that affect green peas include aphids, thrips, and caterpillars. These pests can be controlled using insecticides or introducing natural predators like ladybugs. Diseases like powdery mildew, rust, and wilt can also affect green peas. These diseases can be controlled using fungicides and maintaining proper hygiene in the field. In addition, crop rotation, disease-free seeds, and removal of infected plants can help prevent the spread of diseases.
Step 6: Harvesting
Green peas are ready for harvesting 65-75 days after sowing. The pods should be harvested when they are mature but still tender. Overripe pods are tough and lose their sweetness. The pods can be handpicked or harvested using machines. Harvesting pods regularly is essential to ensure a continuous supply of fresh pods. After harvesting, the pods should be sorted, cleaned, and packed in suitable containers for transportation to the market.
Step 7: Post-harvest management
Post-harvest management is critical in ensuring that the green peas retain their quality and freshness. The harvested pods should be cooled immediately and kept in a cool place. Green peas have a short shelf life and can lose their quality quickly if not stored correctly. The pods can be stored in refrigerators, and the temperature should be maintained at 0-2 degrees Celsius. Proper packaging is also essential to prevent damage and maintain the quality of the pods during transportation.
Conclusion:
Green peas cultivation is a profitable venture in India, significantly contributing to the country’s agricultural economy. By following the above steps and using the right equipment, like the Kubota mu 5502 tractor model, farmers can ensure a successful crop and obtain higher yields. With proper care and management, green peas can be cultivated throughout the year and provide a constant supply of fresh and nutritious pods. The demand for green peas is increasing globally, and with the right approach, farmers in India can benefit from this growing market.
